Hydrogen injection for diesel fleets: a technical reference for operators and engineers.
This page exists to be quoted. It sets out what on-board hydrogen injection does to a diesel combustion event, how PEM hardware differs from legacy alkaline HHO kits and from dynaCERT HydraGEN, how systems are sized against engine displacement, and how a fleet should measure a trial so the result means something. Figures are stated with their limits, including the trade-offs.
What is PEM hydrogen injection, in one paragraph?
A compact on-board electrolyser uses a solid polymer membrane to split deionised water into hydrogen and oxygen while the engine runs, and feeds that gas into the air intake in small quantities. Diesel remains the fuel; the gas changes how the diesel charge burns. Nothing is stored on board, no fuel system or ECU change is made, and the installation is reversible. Output is selected to the engine's displacement band rather than sold as one fixed kit.
- Deionised water only — no caustic electrolyte on the vehicle
- Gas produced on demand, never stored
- Intake-side fitment, no ECU or injector changes, fully reversible
- Sized by displacement: 1.0 L through 16.0 L across five models
- Published expectation capped at up to 15% combustion efficiency improvement
- NOx can rise where combustion temperature rises — disclosed, not omitted
- Cell type
- PEM membrane
- Feed
- Deionised water
- Consumable
- Resin filter 6–9 mo
- Range
- A-450 → DH-Power
What the gas actually does.
Faster flame propagation
Hydrogen burns far faster than diesel vapour. A small hydrogen fraction in the intake charge raises the initial flame speed, so more of the injected diesel burns closer to top dead centre instead of late in the expansion stroke.
Wider flammability limits
Hydrogen ignites across a much broader air-fuel range than diesel. That helps the lean, poorly mixed pockets in the cylinder participate in combustion rather than exiting as particulate and unburnt hydrocarbons.
Shorter late-burn tail
Late-burning fuel does thermal work in the exhaust rather than on the piston. Compressing the burn duration is the mechanism behind reported efficiency gains — it is a combustion-timing effect, not extra energy from the gas itself.
The energy accounting
The hydrogen volume is small and its own chemical energy does not explain the reported fuel change. The electrical draw to produce it is real and must be counted. Any credible claim is a net figure after that draw.
The hardware detail — stack construction, water treatment and control — is on the PEM electrolysis technology page.
PEM, legacy HHO and dynaCERT HydraGEN side by side.
| Criterion | PEM (HydroHub™) | Legacy HHO kit | dynaCERT HydraGEN |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gas generation | Solid polymer membrane, deionised water only | Alkaline dry cell, caustic KOH solution | Alkaline cell with electrolyte reservoir |
| On-vehicle chemical handling | None — water and a resin filter | Caustic electrolyte mixed and topped up on the vehicle | Caustic electrolyte, workshop PPE required |
| Gas purity into the intake | No electrolyte carry-over path | Electrolyte mist carry-over is a known handling issue | Scrubbing stage required by design |
| Response to load change | Output tracks demand, produces from cold | Output varies with electrolyte temperature and concentration | Controller-managed, warm-up dependent |
| Control approach | Output matched to engine displacement band and duty | Often a fixed-output kit regardless of engine size | Telematics-linked dosing on supported platforms |
| Consumables | Deionised water; resin filter every 6–9 months | Electrolyte chemical, seals, plates | Electrolyte, filters, service visits |
| Buy-and-trial availability | Purchased directly online, fitted and trialled by the operator | Varies by seller, frequently unbranded imports | Distributor-led sales and contracted programmes |
The long-form treatment is on the dynaCERT comparison and PEM vs alkaline pages.
Output matched to displacement.
| System | Engine displacement | Typical application |
|---|---|---|
| HydroHub™ A-450 | 1.0–1.8 L | Passenger vehicles, light commercial vans, small utes |
| HydroHub™ A-675 | 2.0–2.5 L | Larger utes, light trucks, mixed urban duty |
| HydroHub™ A-900 | 2.7–7.0 L | Medium trucks, agricultural tractors, service vehicles |
| HydroHub™ H-Power | Up to 7.0 L | Heavy-duty road transport, high-hour duty cycles |
| HydroHub™ DH-Power | Up to 16.0 L | Prime movers, road trains, mining haul, marine, continuous-duty gensets |
The flagship extra-heavy-duty unit is the HydroHub™ DH-Power. Fleet-scale evaluation is covered under fleet trials and hydrogen combustion enhancement.
How the case changes by industry.
Trucking and line-haul
Long, steady-load corridors are the easiest place to measure a fuel-burn change because the duty cycle repeats. Fitment sits on the intake side and is reversible, so a trial can run on two matched units over the same route and be compared litre-for-litre against the telematics record.
Logistics and distribution
Urban distribution runs sit at part load with frequent idle. Gains here are usually smaller than line-haul and are better assessed on visible smoke and drivability alongside fuel data, because stop-start routes are noisy to measure.
Mining and earthmoving
High-hour machines running steady load are strong candidates, but remote service intervals dominate the decision. A unit needing deionised water and a filter change is easier to keep serviced hundreds of kilometres from a workshop than one carrying caustic electrolyte.
Agriculture
Seasonal peak-load work — harvest, tillage, pumping — concentrates fuel spend into short windows, so a measurable per-hectare or per-hour comparison is available across a single season.
Marine and commercial fishing
Auxiliary and main engines run long hours at fixed load. Vessel installation raises separate ventilation and enclosure requirements that must be assessed before fitment, not afterwards.
Stationary and transport gensets
Continuous-duty generators are the cleanest measurement environment available: constant load, metered fuel, metered output. This is where a fleet's own dataset can be built before rolling anything onto vehicles.
Why fleets link to this resource.
Numbers stated with their limits
Efficiency expectations are capped at up to 15% and attributed to duty cycle rather than quoted as a single headline figure. That makes the page safe to cite in a trade publication or association newsletter.
Trade-offs published, not hidden
The NOx trade-off, the electrical draw and the poor measurability of stop-start duty cycles are all stated. Editors and fleet engineers link to sources that disclose the downside.
Legacy data kept separate
Historical alkaline-cell results from earlier group programmes are archived on their own page and are never used to characterise current PEM hardware. Claims and hardware stay matched.
Measurement method included
The trial protocol below is reusable by any operator, which is what makes the page useful to link to from a procurement or engineering guide rather than a product listing.
Named legal entity
The range is operated by YBG Group International Pty Ltd (ABN 22 636 934 999), disclosed on the about page, with contactable technical staff.
Hardware buyable for independent verification
A single unit can be purchased and trialled by the operator without a distributor programme, so a cited claim can be tested by the reader.
How to measure it properly.
- Select at least two matched vehicles or machines of the same model, age and duty, and keep one as an unmodified control for the whole trial.
- Capture a minimum four-week baseline of fuel data from telematics or fuel-card records, along with distance or engine hours, load, idle share and route.
- Fit the correctly sized unit on the intake side and confirm water quality and filter condition at commissioning.
- Run the same period post-fitment with the same drivers and routes wherever rostering allows.
- Compare litres per 100 km or litres per engine hour between the fitted unit and the control across the same weeks, not the fitted unit against its own past.
- Record particulate or visible smoke observations separately, and account for any NOx obligation applying to your operation.
Technical authority signals.
Peer-reviewed literature base
Our published position is built from indexed journal work on hydrogen-enriched diesel combustion, cited with DOI links on the evidence review page rather than paraphrased without sources.
Hardware certification
Systems are supplied with the certification documentation listed on the certifications page, including CE marking references where applicable.
Installation and safety documentation
Australian installation, warranty and safety guidance is published in full, including the conditions under which warranty applies.
Regulatory disclosure
United States buyers are shown a regulatory advisory covering federal and state emissions-related device rules, including California, before purchase.
Downloadable resources.
The following documents are prepared for fleet engineering and procurement use. Request access through the contact page while the download library is being finalised.
Fleet trial protocol (PDF)
The measurement method above as a printable workshop document.
Available on requestSystem sizing worksheet (XLSX)
Displacement, duty cycle and hours inputs mapped to a recommended model.
Available on requestInstallation checklist (PDF)
Pre-fitment inspection, mounting, intake connection and commissioning sign-off.
Available on requestTechnology comparison sheet (PDF)
The PEM, legacy HHO and HydraGEN table in a one-page format.
Available on requestMaintenance schedule (PDF)
Water top-up intervals and resin filter replacement at 6–9 months.
Available on requestMedia and citation pack (ZIP)
Approved product imagery, entity details and quotable technical statements.
Available on requestFrequently asked technical questions.
What is hydrogen injection on a diesel engine?
- A small on-board electrolyser splits water into hydrogen and oxygen and feeds that gas into the engine's air intake in very small quantities. The diesel remains the fuel. The gas acts on the combustion event itself — hydrogen has a wide flammability range and high flame speed, so it can influence how quickly and how completely the diesel charge burns. Nothing is stored: gas is produced only while the engine is running.
How is PEM hydrogen injection different from legacy HHO kits?
- Legacy HHO units are almost always alkaline dry cells running on caustic potassium hydroxide solution, frequently sold as one fixed-output kit for any engine. A PEM unit conducts through a solid polymer membrane and runs on deionised water only, with no caustic chemical on the vehicle, no electrolyte carry-over into the intake, and output selected to the engine's displacement band and duty cycle.
How does it differ from dynaCERT HydraGEN?
- Both feed hydrogen and oxygen into the intake. HydraGEN uses an alkaline electrolyte cell and is sold through a distributor and carbon-programme model. HydroHub uses PEM cells on deionised water and is bought directly, so an operator can fit one unit and generate their own data before committing a fleet. The detailed comparison is on the dynaCERT comparison page.
What efficiency change should a fleet expect?
- Independent literature on hydrogen-enriched diesel combustion reports improvements across a wide range depending on engine, load and enrichment rate. We cap our own published expectation at up to 15% combustion efficiency improvement, and we treat anything above that as unverified for our hardware. Steady high-load duty cycles sit at the upper end of the range; stop-start urban work sits at the lower end or shows no measurable change.
Does it need engine or ECU modification?
- No. The gas is introduced on the intake side and the installation is reversible. No fuel system, injector or ECU calibration change is made, which is what keeps the retrofit removable at end of lease or resale.
What maintenance does a PEM unit require?
- Deionised water top-up and a replacement resin filter every 6–9 months. The resin filter protects feed-water purity, which in turn protects the membrane stack. There is no electrolyte to mix, monitor, replace or dispose of.
How should a fleet run a trial that produces usable data?
- Use matched vehicles on the same route with the same drivers where possible, take at least four weeks of baseline fuel data from telematics or fuel-card records before fitment, then run the same period after. Log load, ambient conditions and idle share. Single-vehicle before-and-after comparisons over short periods are dominated by route and driver variation and rarely support a fleet decision.
What happens to emissions?
- Reported effects differ by pollutant. Particulate matter and visible smoke are commonly reported to fall. Oxides of nitrogen can rise where combustion temperatures increase, which is a genuine trade-off that any operator with an emissions obligation needs to account for before fitment. We publish that trade-off rather than omitting it.
Is the technology approved for road use everywhere?
- Requirements vary by jurisdiction. Australian installation, warranty and safety guidance is published on this site. Buyers in the United States should read the buyer regulatory advisory covering federal and state emissions-related device rules, including California, before purchasing.
Why is this page open for citation?
- The tables, sizing bands and measurement guidance here are written to be quoted with attribution by industry publications, associations, fleet blogs and directories. If you need a specific figure clarified or a source confirmed before you publish, use the contact page.
Where to next.
On this site
- · PEM hydrogen injection for generator sets & heavy equipment
- · Best PEM hydrogen injection for commercial fleets
- · Best PEM hydrogen injection for marine engines
- · dynaCERT HydraGEN comparison
- · HydroHub™ DH-Power flagship
- · PEM hydrogen injection technology
- · Fleet hydrogen combustion enhancement trials
- · Contact
- · About YBG Group International Pty Ltd
Across the group
- · combustionenhancement.com.au — Australian systems, pricing and technical reference.
- · hydrogenmachines.com.au — Australian hydrogen machine range.
- · hydrogenmachinesusa.com — United States supply and regulatory information.
No projected, typical or expected fuel-saving figure is published. Actual results vary materially with engine condition, duty cycle, load profile, fuel quality, installation and operating conditions. A controlled field evaluation on your own equipment, with baseline data captured before installation, is required before any commercial projection.